mysql学习之表的基本设置的代码分享1

[摘要]本文给大家分享的是MySQL学习笔记系列文章的入门篇，主要讲述MySQL表的基本操作命令，非常详细，有需要的小伙伴可以来查看下创建表create table 表名create table if not exists 表名mysql> create database company;Query...

本文给大家分享的是MySQL学习笔记系列文章的入门篇，主要讲述MySQL表的基本操作命令，非常详细，有需要的小伙伴可以来查看下

创建表

create table 表名

create table if not exists 表名

mysql> create database company;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use company;
Database changed
mysql> create table if not exists t_dept(
  -> deptno int,
  -> dname varchar(20),
  -> loc varchar(40));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.20 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+-------------------+
  Tables_in_company  
+-------------------+
  t_dept       
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>

显示当前库下的所有表

show tables;

mysql> show tables;
+-------------------+
  Tables_in_company  
+-------------------+
  t_dept       
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

查看表的结构

describe 表名

简写

desc 表名

mysql> describe t_dept;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  Field   Type      Null   Key   Default   Extra  
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  deptno   int(11)     YES       NULL        
  dname   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
  loc    varchar(40)   YES       NULL        
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc t_dept;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  Field   Type      Null   Key   Default   Extra  
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  deptno   int(11)     YES       NULL        
  dname   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
  loc    varchar(40)   YES       NULL        
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

查看表的详细

show create table 表名

mysql> show create table t_dept;
+--------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
  Table   Create Table             
+--------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
  t_dept   CREATE TABLE `t_dept` (
 `deptno` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
 `dname` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
 `loc` varchar(40) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8  
+--------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
show create table t_dept \G

mysql> show create table t_dept \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
    Table: t_dept
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `t_dept` (
 `deptno` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
 `dname` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
 `loc` varchar(40) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

删除表

drop table 表名
drop table if exists 表名

mysql> drop table if exists t_dept;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

修改表名

ALTER TABLE old_table_name RENAME [TO] new_table_name
old_table_name 原表名
new_table_name 新表名
将t_dept修改为tab_dept

mysql> alter table t_dept rename tab_dept;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+-------------------+
  Tables_in_company  
+-------------------+
  tab_dept      
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc tab_dept;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  Field   Type      Null   Key   Default   Extra  
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  deptno   int(11)     YES       NULL        
  dname   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
  loc    varchar(40)   YES       NULL        
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

为表增加一个字段默认在最后
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD 属性名属性类型

为tab_dept增加一个字段descri varchar(20)

mysql> desc tab_dept;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  Field   Type      Null   Key   Default   Extra  
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  deptno   int(11)     YES       NULL        
  dname   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
  loc    varchar(40)   YES       NULL        
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter table tab_dept add descri varchar(20);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.33 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> desc tab_dept;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  Field   Type      Null   Key   Default   Extra  
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  deptno   int(11)     YES       NULL        
  dname   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
  loc    varchar(40)   YES       NULL        
  descri   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在表的第一个位置增加一个字段

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD 属性名属性类型 first

mysql> alter table tab_dept add id int first;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.38 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> desc tab_dept;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  Field   Type      Null   Key   Default   Extra  
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  id     int(11)     YES       NULL        
  deptno   int(11)     YES       NULL        
  dname   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
  loc    varchar(40)   YES       NULL        
  descri   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在表的指定字段之后增加字段

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD 属性名属性类型 AFTER 属性名

mysql> alter table tab_dept add comm varchar(20) after dname;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.31 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> desc tab_dept;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  Field   Type      Null   Key   Default   Extra  
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  id     int(11)     YES       NULL        
  deptno   int(11)     YES       NULL        
  dname   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
  comm    varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
  loc    varchar(40)   YES       NULL        
  descri   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

删除字段

ALTER TABLE table_name DROP 属性名

mysql> alter table tab_dept drop comm;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.32 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> desc tab_dept;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  Field   Type      Null   Key   Default   Extra  
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  id     int(11)     YES       NULL        
  deptno   int(11)     YES       NULL        
  dname   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
  loc    varchar(40)   YES       NULL        
  descri   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

字段修改-修改字段数据类型
ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY 属性名数据类型

mysql> alter table tab_dept modify descri int;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.45 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> desc tab_dept;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  Field   Type      Null   Key   Default   Extra  
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  id     int(11)     YES       NULL        
  deptno   int(11)     YES       NULL        
  dname   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
  loc    varchar(40)   YES       NULL        
  descri   int(11)     YES       NULL        
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

字段修改-修改字段名称

ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE 旧属性名新属性名旧数据类型

mysql> alter table tab_dept change id deptid int;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> desc tab_dept;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  Field   Type      Null   Key   Default   Extra  
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  deptid   int(11)     YES       NULL        
  deptno   int(11)     YES       NULL        
  dname   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
  loc    varchar(40)   YES       NULL        
  descri   int(11)     YES       NULL        
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

字段修改-同时修改字段名称与数据类型

ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE 旧属性名新属性名新数据类型

mysql> alter table tab_dept change deptid id varchar(32);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.49 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> desc tab_dept;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  Field   Type      Null   Key   Default   Extra  
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  id     varchar(32)   YES       NULL        
  deptno   int(11)     YES       NULL        
  dname   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
  loc    varchar(40)   YES       NULL        
  descri   int(11)     YES       NULL        
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

修改顺序

ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY 属性名1 数据类型 FIRST AFTER 属性名2

2个属性必须存在
将deptno调到第一个位置

mysql> alter table tab_dept modify deptno int first;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.33 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> desc tab_dept;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  Field   Type      Null   Key   Default   Extra  
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  deptno   int(11)     YES       NULL        
  id     varchar(32)   YES       NULL        
  dname   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
  loc    varchar(40)   YES       NULL        
  descri   int(11)     YES       NULL        
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

将ID放在最后

mysql> alter table tab_dept modify deptno int after descri;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.29 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> desc tab_dept;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  Field   Type      Null   Key   Default   Extra  
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  id     varchar(32)   YES       NULL        
  dname   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
  loc    varchar(40)   YES       NULL        
  descri   int(11)     YES       NULL        
  deptno   int(11)     YES       NULL        
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter table tab_dept modify deptno int first;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.34 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> alter table tab_dept modify id int after descri;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.47 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> desc tab_dept;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  Field   Type      Null   Key   Default   Extra  
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  deptno   int(11)     YES       NULL        
  dname   varchar(20)   YES       NULL        
  loc    varchar(40)   YES       NULL        
  descri   int(11)     YES       NULL        
  id     int(11)     YES       NULL        
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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标签:mysql学习之表的基本设置的代码分享